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Page 47
膨胀与收缩
Expansion and Contraction

美国尼伯科有限公司
     
  小型私人住宅内采用铜管的低压供暖系统中,大多数针对膨胀和压缩的装置都相对简单。连接到散热器的主管、升管和分支,在管道的一端应该能够活动自如或能够浮动。安装孔应该足够大以便于管道的自由活动,操作要小心使得管道吊钩和支撑容许无限制活动,且不会将管道固定住。可提供实用且美观的锻造铜管吊钩。
  In the majority of low-pressure heating systems employing copper tube and installed in small houses or private dwellings, provision for expansion and contraction is relatively simple. Mains, risers, and branches to radiators should be free or floating at one end of line. Holes should be large enough to permit free movement of the tube, and care should be exercised so that pipe hangers and supports permit unrestricted movement and do not anchor the tube. Wrought copper tube hangers that are both practicable and neat in appearance are available.
  如果铜管管线非常长,则应该配置膨胀曲线或环形回路。通过弯曲回火软处理铜管,可以制作一个简单的膨胀循环回路。将组合扩口管道连接到焊料连接管件上,如图1所示,这些类型的循环回路可以用在存在空间或其他限制条件的地方。符合各种条件的此种膨胀回路的正确比例请参阅相应的表格。
  Unusually long runs of copper tubing should be provided with an expansion bend or loop. By bending soft temper copper tube, a simple form of expansion loop can be made. With the addition of combination flared-tube to solder joint fittings, as illustrated in Figure 1, these types of loops can be used when space or other limitations exist. The correct proportions of such expansion loop to meet various conditions are shown in the accompanying table.

图1
Figure 1


a. U形弯管
a. U-Bend


b. 环绕回路
b. Coiled Loop


c. 偏置和回路
c. Offset and Return

 

  上列图表是以3.05米铜管作为基准点进行计算。您可以在下列情况下使用:30.5米铜管,93.3oC温度变化。对于3.05米基准点是0.2256,对于30.5米则乘以10,结果是膨胀或收缩57.3毫米。
  The above chart is calculated using 10ft (3.05m) of copper tubing as the reference point. You may use it as follows: 100ft (30.5m) of copper tube, with a 200oF (93.3oC) temperature change. Reference point 0.2256 inches for 10ft, (5.73mm for 3.05m), multiply by 10 for 100ft (30.5m), resulting in an answer of 2.256 inches (57.3mm) of expansion or contraction.
  注:膨胀和收缩的计算应该以铜的膨胀系数平均值为基础,这个平均值在25oC和100oC之间时为0.00001692/oC。例如,任何通径的管道从室温21.1oC加热到76.7oC,也就是温度上升55.6oC,则每3.05米长管道膨胀值是
  NOTE: Calculations for expansion and contraction should be based on the average coefficient of expansion of copper which is 0.0000094 per oF (0.00001692 per oC) between 77oF and 212oF (25oC and 100oC). For example, the expansion for each 10ft (3.05m) of any size of tube heated from room temperature of 70oF (21.1oC) to 170oF (76.7oC), that is, 100oF (55.6oC) rise, is:

上升温度
Rise
          系数
Coefficient
   
55.6oC
100oF
x 3.05m
10ft
x 1000mm
12 inches
x 0.00001692
0.000094
= 2.87mm
0.1128 in
 
环绕膨胀回路的半径与膨胀偏置回路的增加长度
Radii of Coiled Expansion Loops and Developed Lengths
of Expansion Offsets
管道公
称通径

Nominal
Tube
Size
预计膨胀值
Expected Expansion
1/2 1 11/2 2 21/2 3 31/2 4
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1/4 6 152 38 965 9 229 54 1372 11 279 66 1676 12 305 77 1956 14 356 86 2184 15 381 94 2388 16 406 102 2591 17 432 109 2769
3/8 7 178 44 1118 10 254 63 1600 12 305 77 1956 14 356 89 2261 16 406 99 2515 17 432 109 2769 19 483 117 2972 20 508 126 3200
1/2 8 203 50 1270 11 279 70 1778 14 356 89 2261 16 406 99 2515 18 457 111 2819 19 483 122 3099 21 533 131 3327 22 559 140 3556
3/4 9 229 59 1499 13 330 83 2108 16 406 101 2565 19 483 117 2972 21 533 131 3327 23 584 143 3632 25 635 155 3937 26 660 166 4216
1 11 279 67 1702 15 381 94 2388 18 457 115 2921 21 533 133 3378 24 610 149 3785 26 660 163 4140 28 7112 176 4470 30 762 188 4775
11/2 13 330 80 2032 18 457 113 2870 22 559 138 3505 25 635 160 4064 29 737 179 4547 31 787 196 4978 34 864 212 5385 36 914 226 5740
2 15 381 91 2311 21 533 129 3277 25 635 158 4013 29 737 183 4648 33 838 205 5207 36 914 224 5690 39 991 242 6147 41 1041 259 6579
21/2 16 406 102 2591 23 584 144 3658 28 711 176 4470 32 813 203 5156 36 914 227 5766 40 1016 249 6325 43 1092 269 6833 46 1168 288 7315
3 18 457 111 2819 25 635 157 3988 30 762 191 4851 35 889 222 5639 40 1016 248 6299 43 1092 272 6909 47 1194 293 7442 50 1270 314 7976
31/2 19 483 120 3048 27 686 169 4293 33 838 206 5232 38 965 239 6071 43 1092 267 6782 47 1194 293 7442 50 1270 316 8026 54 1372 338 8585
4 20 508 128 3251 29 737 180 4572 35 889 220 5588 41 1041 255 6477 45 1143 285 7239 50 1270 312 7925 54 1372 337 8560 57 1448 361 9169
5 23 584 142 3607 32 813 201 5105 39 991 245 6223 45 1143 284 7214 51 1295 318 8077 55 1397 348 8839 60 1524 376 9550 64 1626 402 10211

  本样本所采用的标准单位是美国常用单位;所提供的公制单位仅供参考。每个系统所列的参数值并不是准确的。
  U.S. customary units in this document are the standard; the metric units are provided for reference only. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents.
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